날(day) vs 일(day)

Q. What's the difference between '날' and '일'? Both of them mean 'day', right?

A. Yes, but both have different usage.
 
   '날'is a Korean word whereas '일(日)' is a Sino-Korean word.
   So, '날' are combined original Korean words.

   '날', can be used alone and it has a lot of meanings like whole day, daytime, weather, date, period of time, etc.

  So you can use '날' after nouns, adjectives, and verbs.
  For example,

  나는 비가 오는 날을 안 좋아해.
  I don't like rainy days.

  On the other hand, '일(日)' is used to read dates. It is a kind of counting unit. 
  So, it is often used after numbers like '3일 (동안)', or '(12월) 25일'.

  Also, it is combined with Sino-Korean words.

 For example,
 생일(birthday), 휴일(holiday), 요일(day of the week), 기념일(anniversary) and so no.

  Oh, there is one more usage.
  It goes like this,

  일 3회 복용
  Taking medicine three times a day.

  일 2회 배송
  Items are shipped twice a day.

When do we use "안 봐도 비디오"?

Q. What's obvious in Korean?

A. There are a lot and 뻔하다 is one of them. 

The test result is obvious, because I din't study at all.

시험 공부를 전혀 안 해서 시험 결과가 뻔하다. 

A: I can picture it in my head. What's in Korean? 

B: That will literally change "It is painted even I don't look at it.(안 봐도 그림이 그려진다)" 

However "it is a video clip (in my head) even I don't look at it(안 봐도 비디오다)"is more common which means some happening or process is very clear to visualize because you've seen the similar situation a lot before.

For example,
A: Why your brother didn't answer the phone?

   네 남동생 왜 전화 안 받냐?

   I called him more than 10 times. 

   내가 열 번도 넘게 전화했어.

   What happened?

   무슨 일이야?

B: I'm sure he is sleeping now.

   걔 지금 자고 있을 게 뻔해.

   Every Sunday he always wakes up very late, 

   일요일마다 항상 늦게 일어나고

    and he can't hear anything while he is sleeping. 

    잘  때는 아무 소리도 못 들어. 

   One day, I shouted very loudly very next to in order to wake him up but failed. 

   하루는 걔 깨우려고 바로 옆에서 크게 소리를 질렀는데도 못 깨웠어(실패했어)

    So, my mother always said he would never know even someone goes somewhere with carrying on him someone's back.

   그래서 우리 엄마는 항상 걔는 누가 업어 가도 모를 거라고 하셔.

   It is like a video clip to me. (나한테는) 안 봐도 비디오지.

   It is very vivid even don't look. 안 봐도 눈에 생생해.

   This is kind of slang. 이건 속어야.

A: Any other similar expressions? 

   다른 표현은 더 없어?
B: Well, you can say "I know (every situation) in spite of I didn't look at all. 

   글쎄, "안 봐도 (다) 알아"

   Another is "It's very bright like I see a fire" which means obvious.

   "불을 보듯 뻔하다."라는 말도 있는데 이건 너무 밝아서 불을 보는 것 같다는 뜻이야. (명약관화, 明若觀火)

What's the difference between "스트레스를 풀다(relieve stress)" vs "스트레스가 풀리다(be relieve stress)" in Korean?

Q. What's the difference between 스트레스를 풀다 vs 스트레스가 풀리다 in Korean?

A. "스트레스를 풀다(relieve stress)," means someone or something can relieve stress which is active in meaning.

So, usually a person is the subject of a sentence in Korean.

And the pattern goes like
"people(subject, with particle) + stress(object with object marker) + release.
((사람)이/가) + 스트레스(를) + 풀다

For example,
A: how do you release your stress?
     (넌) 어떻게 스트레스(를) 풀어?
B: I go to a singing room when I want to release my stress.
     (난) 스트레스(를) 풀고 싶을 때, 노래방에 가.

On the other hand '스트레스가 풀리다(be released)' is passive which means someone's stress is released by doing something.

So, the pattern would be
"stress(subject, with marker) + be released(verb)".
스트레스(가) 풀리다 

We use it like this.
A:How can be your stress released?
   어떻게 하면 스트레스(가) 풀려?
B:My stress will be released if I eat chocolate. 
    초콜릿 많이 먹으면 스트레스(가) 풀려.

It is the same word in English, but it is a different word in Korean.
The worse thing is that it is used object marker for stress in active sentence whereas we use subject marker in passive form.

스트레스를 풀다 = 스트레스 풀다
스트레스가 풀리다 = 스테레스 풀리다

It might be very confusing to foreigners to miss out on the subject and particle when Koreans speak.

(나는) 스트레스(를) 풀고 싶어
→ 스트레스 풀고 싶어.

"화를 풀다(Blow off steam)" and "화가 풀리다(be relieved anger)" are other ones.

You can see more sentences in Korean below.

https://blog.naver.com/uzings/221584181745

https://blog.naver.com/uzings/221595936351

How come 어젯밤? not 어제밤. Special letter 'S' in korean. (사이시옷)

Q. How come 어젯밤, not 어제밤?

A.

We have a special 'S(ㅅ, si-ot)' in Korean orthography. 

It is called 'sa-i-si-ot'#(사이시옷) which means the 'S(ㅅ)' between words. 

We add the special letter 'ㅅ' when a changing pronunciation phenomenon occurs in two words. 

There are three cases of sound change. 

First, when the forward ends in a vowel, the first sound behind becomes double sound (ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ, fortis).

For example, 

비 (bi, means rain) + 소리 (so-ri, sound) 

= [비쏘리] (bi-sso-ri) 

and write it "#빗소리 (the sound of rain)". 

Second, the sound [ㄴ] is added in forward letter when it is in front of the sound [ㄴ] or [ㅁ] of the next letter. 

코 (ko, nose) + 물 (mul, water) = [콘물, kon-mul]. We write it "#콧물(runny nose)". 

Third, the double sound [ㄴㄴ] is added when it is in front of the 'Y (ㅣ)' vowels of the letter behind. 

나무 (na-mu, tree) + 잎 ( yip, leaf) = [나문닙, na-mun-nyib] and write it "#나뭇잎". 

These three sounds changing cases, we put the 'ㅅ' letter in between. 

The first letter should end with a vowel and one of the two words must be original Korean words, It can not be used when both words from Chinese letters. 

There are only six exceptions, though.
숫자 (數字, number), 횟수 (回數, number of times), 셋방 (貰房rented room), 찻간 (車間, compartment, train car) 곳간 (庫間, storeroom), 툇간 (退間, hatch? partition?)

Only 숫자, 횟수 are common. Others are not common anymore. 

Q. What's swimming suit in Korean? A. Let's study swimming vocabularies in Korean!

Q. What's swimming suit in Korean?

A. Let's study swimming vocabularies in Korean!

Do you like to swim?

수영, 좋아해요?

Shall we go swimming?

우리 같이 수영하러 갈까요?
​

What should we prepare for swimming?

뭘 줄비해야 돼요?

​

None(명사)

수영복(swimming suit)

수영모(swimming cap)

수경(swimming goggles)

수건(towel)

세면도구(toiletries)

혀클리너(tongue cleaner)

칫솔(a toothbrush)

치약(toothpaste)

수영 가방(swim bag)

​

right. What's next?

맞아요. 그 다음에는 어떻게 해요?

​

Expressions(표현)

가방을 열다 to open a bag

가방에 (           )을/를 넣다 to put (           ) into a bag

가방을 챙기다 to pack

​

수영 가방을 열고 수영복, 수영모, 수경, 수건, 세면도구를 넣어요.

가방을 챙겨요. 그리고 수영장에 가요.

​

II. 수영장에서 어떻게 해요?

​

Verbs(동사)

수영하다 to swim

샤워하다 to take a shower

(수영복을) 입다 to wear clothes

(수영모를) 쓰다 to war swim cap

(수경을) 쓰다 to wear swim goggles

(수건으로 몸을) 닦다 to dry with a towel

(             )을/를 말리다 to dry

​

수영장에서 샤워하고 수영복을 입어요. 수영모와 수경도 써요.

그리고 수영해요. 수영이 끝나면 다시 샤워하고 수건으로 몸을 닦아요.

몸과 머리를 말리고 집에 가요.

​

Don't forget to bring your swimming gears!

수영 갈 때 준비물 잘 챙겨 가세요!

You can check the pronunciation below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u5CascCc6RU

What is "parasite", "Bong-junho director" in Korean? How to pronunce it?

Q. What is "parasite" in Korean and who is the director?

A. "parasite" is 기생충(Gi-seng-chung) in Korean, and the director is 봉준호(Bong-jun-ho). You can check the pronunciation below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUlJvDhGXU8&fbclid=IwAR0kUrmNRPthGxFVF5n_2-axSwgZ8pWvM_WxQP6Lf8lplOJCexdoHarHmVI

What's the difference between 기쁘다, 즐겁다, and 행복하다 in Korean?

Q. What's the difference between 기쁘다, 즐겁다, and 행복하다?

A.
   The definition in dictionary of 기쁘다 is "be satisfied and contented with fulfillment of one's desires. So, when we use '기쁘다' we specifically mention what we're pleasure about.
  For example,
 
               공부(를) 열심히 했는데 100점을 받아서 기뻐.
             

  On the other hand we don't have to be specific when we say the word '즐겁다' or '행복하다'.
  '즐겁다' means that be pleasure without unpleasant or any qualms. We use it like this.

               친구와 여행하는 것은 즐겁다.

  '행복하다' is having full satisfaction in one's life, and it can be used in widest sense. So, it can be used like this,

               결혼 생활이 행복해요.

  To sum up, '기쁘다' is felt in results, '즐겁다' is felt in the process, '행복하다' is felt in life.

  There are times when all three words can be changed.  However, '기쁘다', and '즐겁다' rarely change whereas '기쁘다' and '행복하다' are often interchangeable in Korean. Even then there are subtle difference.